The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
However, Marseille struck two times late to take a surprise advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.